Pedro II of Brazil
Biography
Pedro became emperor at five when his father abdicated, and was declared of age at fourteen in 1840. His long reign brought political stability, economic growth, and victory in the Paraguayan War. A patron of science and culture, he corresponded with figures such as Louis Pasteur and Victor Hugo. Slavery was abolished in 1888 under the regency of his daughter Isabel. A military coup proclaimed a republic in 1889 and he went into exile.
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